Process of making metallic barrels.



V. MAUGK & J. E. WENTLING.

PROCESS OF MAKING METALLIC BABRBLS. APPLIGATIfiN FILED 001'. 22, 1909.

1,095,01 4, Patented Apr; 28, 1914.

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v. MAUGK & J. E. WLNTLING. PROCESS OF MAKING METALLIC BARRBLS. APPLICATION FILED 001. 22, 1909. 1,095,014; Patented Apr.28, 1914.

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IINIT D srATEs PATENT oFFIo VICTOR MAUCK AND JACOB EDWARD WENTLING, OF CONSHOHOCKEN', PENNSYL- VANIA.

PROCESS OF MAKING METALLIC BARRELS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 28,1914.

Application filed October 22-, 1909. Serial No. 523,952.

It is the object of our'invention to make a seamless metallic vessel, more durable and capable of retaining fluids at higher pressure than an ordinary barrel, but having the sha'peof the latter and affording the advantages incident to that shape; being readily turned end for end or rocked upon its convex side to facilitate its erection, whereas, a cylindrical vessel could not be thus readily manipulated.

As hereinafter described our improved barrel is formed of three primarily plane sheets of metal pressed to the required shape and having their edges welded so as to form a unitary shell; one cfsaid sheets being first bent to form a cylindrical tube, and then ex- Y panded to the desired-oblate form, constitutin g the barrel body, and the other two being pressed to form the respectively opposite barrel heads.

A convenient adjunctive feature of our invention is the provision of a hung or bungs.

in unitary relation with the head or body wall of such a barrel, and our invention includes the various novel features ht reinafter more definitely specified.

In the drawings :-Figure I, is a plan view of a plane sheet metal blank from which the body of the barrel is formed. Fig. II, is an edge view of said blank. Fig. III, shows said blank bent cylindrically preparatory to welding its longitudinal edges to form a seamless tube. Fig. IV, is an end view of said seamless tube. Fig. .V, is a side View of said seamless tube. Fig. VI, is aside view of said seamless tube showing the initial effect of the expanding operation. Fig. VII, is a side view of said seamless tube completely expanded to the desired barrel shape. Fig. .VIII, is a plan view of a plane sheet metal blank adapted to form one of the barrel heads. Fig. IX, is an edge view of said blank. Fig. X, is a sectional view of one of the barrel'heads formed from a blank. such; as is shown in Figs. VIII and IX, Fig. I

is a fragmentary sectional view of said body and a head before being welded. Fig. XII,

is a fragmentary sectional view of said barrel, at the welded jointbetween said body and head. Fig. XIII, is a plan view of a complete barrel. Fig. XIV, is a vertical sectional view taken on the line XIV, XIV in Fig. XIII. Fig. XV, is a fragmentary sectional view on a larger scale than Fig. XIV, showing a. bung as welded in unitary relation with the barrel wall. Fig. XVI, is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. XV, but showing only the bung socket member and barrel wal-l before they are welded.

Fig. XVII, is a diagram indicating convenlent means for welding the cylindrical tube indicated in Figs. IV and V. Fig. XVIII,

is a plan view of said tube inclosing an expansible diewhereby said tube is expanded" from the form shown in Fig. V, to the form shown in Fig. VII. Fig. XIX, is a plan view similar to Fig. XVIII, but showing said die expanded to produce the effect indicated in Fig. VI. Fig. XX, is a plan view similar to Fig. XIX, butshowing said die and tube completely expanded to produce the effect indicated in Fig. VII. Fig. XXI, is a vertical sectional View taken on the line XXI, XXI, in Fig. XVIII. Fig. XXII, is

a vertical sectional view taken on the line XII, XXII, in Fig. XIX. Fig. XXIII,

is a vertical sectional. view taken on the line XXIII, XXIII. in Fig. XX. Figs. XXIV and XXV are fragmentary horizontal secin Fi II, is bent to form a cylindrical tube with its edges 3-in opposition to each other as indicated in Fig. III, and is then electrically welded as said edges are pressed to gether, incidentally forming a slight ridge 4c, upon the out-er side of said tube. Said welding operation is conveniently effected by the means indicated in Fig. XVII, ineluding-the mandrel 6. supporting the opposed edges 3 of said blank 1, the rollers 7 which press the edges of said blank together and, the rotary disks 8, which hold said edges in proper relation with each other while maintaining it in cylindrical form, I

- dicated in Fig. XXII, and finally as indicated ference of the tube when completely exlation therewith, as indicated in Fig. XII,

and the mandrel 6 and constitute terminals of the welding circuit including the electrical conductors 10 and 11.

The cylindrical tube- 13 formed as above described is then fitted over the expansible die comprising the circular series of sectors 15, while thelattcrare arranged in radially retracted position as shown in Fig. XVIII. The die cone 16 being then inserted as shown in Fig. XXII is pressed into the expanding die comprising said sectors 15, thus expanding said tube 13, initially as inin Fig. XXIII. If the outer faces of said sectors 15 conformed to arcs of the circumpanded said faces would be less convex than the initially cylindrical tube 13 shown in Fig. XVIII, and when expanded as abovedescribed, would engage said tube only at the longitudinal edges of said outer faces of the sectors, and the expansion of said tube consequent upon the insertion ofthe cone 16 as above described, would take place only at the junctions of the sectors, and, exceeding the limit of expansion of the metalwould rupture said tube before it reached the required barrel shape. Therefore, we make the outer faces of said sectors conform to arcs having radii slightly less than the radius of the expanded tube shown in Figs. XX and XXIII, so that said sectors initially engage the cylindrical tube shown in Figs. XVIII and XXI only at the medial, longitudinal regions of their outer faces. In other words, the expansion of the sheet metal begins at the center of the outer face of each sector 15, as indicated in Figs. XIX and XXII, and is continued with substantially uniform distribution of the stresses in the sheet metal until the final oblate form of said tube indicated in Figs. XX and XXIII is produced.

We find. it'convenient to effect the above described expansion of the die including the sectors 15, by mounting the latter upon the bed plate 18, and forcing said cone 16 toward said bed plate in a hydraulic press.

The opposite end heads 20 and 21 of the completed barrel are formed of plane circular sheet metal blanks such as are indicated in Figs. VIII and IX, which are pressed to the form shown in Fig. X; having outwardly turned rims 23 and being out,- wardly convexed to approximate the spherical form affording the greatest resistance to distortion by internal pressure. Said heads being fitted with their rims 23 flush with the chimes 24 of said barrel body as indicatedin Fig. XI, are welded in unitary reconveniently by means of an oxy-hydrogen blow pipe, thus forming a unitary shell.

We find it convenient to provide our improved barrelwith a plurality of bangs, one

in unitary relation with the barrel wall, and preferably two in the head 20, although one of said head bungs may be omitted when a bung is included in the body as shown in Fig. XIV, and each including a socket memberQG and aclosure member 27 having corresponding screw threads. Each socket mem ber 26 is provided with an annular flange 28, which being fitted in a corresponding opening in the barrel wall as shown in Fig. XVI is welded in unita connection therewith as shown in Fi X conveniently by means of an oxy-hy rogen blow pipe. Each socket member has a countersunk recess 29 adapted to receive the head 30 of its closure memher, and a gasket 31, conveniently formed of leather, seals the joint between said members. Each closure member 27 has a recess 33 constitutin a wrench hold by which it may be rotate but may be otherwise shaped to afford a wrench-hold. A barrel made as above described may be provided with a body bung 85, conveniently of the form above described, and in such case one of the head bungs may be omitted. Of course, when it is desired to provide the barrel with bangs in the head 20, as shown in Fig. XIV, suitable openings 37 are unched in said head as indicated in Fig. III, before said head is welded in connection with the barrel body. Similarly, when it is desired to provide said -body with a bung, a suitable opening 38 is punched in the wall of said body as indicated in Fi I, and, the bung socket members are we ded in connection with the barrel wall, before the heads are welded in the barreh Although in the process of making a barrel provided with bangs as described, the operation of inserting and welding a bung so ".ket member is an essential feature; it is to be understood that we do not desire to limit ourselves to such a step in the rocess of making a seamless vessel, nor to t e precise details of construction and arrangement above described, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of our invention as defined in the appended claims.

. We claim 1. The process of making a metallic barrel from primarily plane sheet metal, which consists in forming the barrel body by bending a rectangular plane sheet metal blank to form a cylindrical tube with edges opposed parallel with the axis of said tube; welding said edges while pressing them together; and, pressing said tube with an expanding die until it is larger in diameter intermedlate of its length than at its chimes; said die including a circular series of sectors the outer faces of which conform to arcs having radii slightly less than the radius of the expanded tube, so that said secl (l U I wardly bulging a primarily cylindrical tube 5 tors initially engage the cylindrical tube sion of the metal begins at said lines and is 15 only at the medial, longitudinal regions of continued with substantially uniform dis: their outer faces, and the expansion of the 1 tribution of the stresses in the metal until sheet metal begins at the center of the outer the final form of the barrel body is proface of each sector and is continued with .j duced. substantially uniform distribution of the; stresses in the sheet metal until the final signed our names at conshohocken, Pennsylform of said tube is produced. Vania, this 11th day of October, 1909.

2. The step in making a metallic barrel VICTOR M AUCK body of bilge shape, which consists in out- JACOB EDWARD WENTLING Witnesses:

W M. WRIGHT, HOWARD S. WEBSTER.

by simultaneously expandmg it at a circular series of lines extending parallel with the 1 axis of said cylinder. whereby the expan- In testlmony whereof; we have hereunto 20 

